29.3. Narrowing the result set

<div class="paragraph">

An individual query criterion is an instance of the interface `org.hibernate.criterion.Criterion`.
The class `org.hibernate.criterion.Restrictions` defines factory methods for obtaining certain built-in `Criterion` types.

</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="prettyprint highlight">`List cats = sess.createCriteria(Cat.class)
    .add( Restrictions.like("name", "Fritz%") )
    .add( Restrictions.between("weight", minWeight, maxWeight) )
    .list();`</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">

Restrictions can be grouped logically.

</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="prettyprint highlight">`List cats = sess.createCriteria(Cat.class)
    .add( Restrictions.like("name", "Fritz%") )
    .add( Restrictions.or(
        Restrictions.eq( "age", new Integer(0) ),
        Restrictions.isNull("age")
    ) )
    .list();`</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="prettyprint highlight">`List cats = sess.createCriteria(Cat.class)
    .add( Restrictions.in( "name", new String[] { "Fritz", "Izi", "Pk" } ) )
    .add( Restrictions.disjunction()
        .add( Restrictions.isNull("age") )
        .add( Restrictions.eq("age", new Integer(0) ) )
        .add( Restrictions.eq("age", new Integer(1) ) )
        .add( Restrictions.eq("age", new Integer(2) ) )
    ) )
    .list();`</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">

There are a range of built-in criterion types (`Restrictions` subclasses).
One of the most useful `Restrictions` allows you to specify SQL directly.

</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="prettyprint highlight">`List cats = sess.createCriteria(Cat.class)
    .add( Restrictions.sqlRestriction("lower({alias}.name) like lower(?)", "Fritz%", Hibernate.STRING) )
    .list();`</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">

The `{alias}` placeholder will be replaced by the row alias of the queried entity.

</div>
<div class="paragraph">

You can also obtain a criterion from a `Property` instance.
You can create a `Property` by calling `Property.forName()`:

</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="prettyprint highlight">`Property age = Property.forName("age");
List cats = sess.createCriteria(Cat.class)
    .add( Restrictions.disjunction()
        .add( age.isNull() )
        .add( age.eq( new Integer(0) ) )
        .add( age.eq( new Integer(1) ) )
        .add( age.eq( new Integer(2) ) )
    ) )
    .add( Property.forName("name").in( new String[] { "Fritz", "Izi", "Pk" } ) )
    .list();`</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">